viral disease example

Several coronaviruses have been identified that cause a respiratory infection that can be severe. Lassa fever is spread through inhaling or consuming the dried feces or urine of a rodent with the virus. Viruses are very small infectious agents. They also cause severe illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, smallpox and hemorrhagic fevers. Viruses can affect many areas in the body, including the reproductive, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems. Common examples are cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and yellow fever virus. This can kill, â¦ Transmission is by person-to-person contact. A yellow fever vaccine is currently available for people traveling to areas where yellow fever is common. This means they aren’t always spread from person to person. * Nonspecific precautions (eg, avoidance of contaminated food and water and arthropod and animal vectors, routine hygiene measures) are also recommended. The main symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea. If an animal that’s suspected to have the rabies virus bites you, you’ll be given a series of shots to help prevent the rabies virus from infecting you. It requires a living cell in which to multiply. Transmission is from person to person by contact with infected blood or body secretions or by the fecal-oral route for hepatitis A and E (genotypes 1 and 2). Many of the viruses in this category, such as the measles virus, are highly contagious. To reduce the risk of spreading rabies, keep your pets vaccinated and avoid approaching wild animals. Viruses prevented by vaccines include polio, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, smallpox, measles, mumps, rubella, and rotavirus. When most people hear the word \"virus,\" they think of disease-causing (pathogenic) viruses such as the common cold, influenza, chickenpox, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and others. Colorado tick fever, with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, Congenital infection in babies infected in utero causing microcephaly; Guillain-Barré syndrome, Africa, Asia, Americas, the Pacific Islands, Mediterranean basin, Balkans, Middle East, Pakistan, India, China, eastern Africa, Panama, Brazil, Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. People get hepatitis A and E by consuming food or water that’s been contaminated with feces from someone with the virus. Examples of gastrointestinal viral diseases include: norovirus infection rotavirus infection some adenovirus infections astrovirus infection Epidemic influenza viruses A, B, and C and avian influenza viruses, A and B: Seasonal (winter) epidemics, occasionally pandemic, A and B: Baloxavir, oseltamivir or zanamivir, A and B: Vaccine, oseltamivir or zanamivir, Avian H5N1 and avian H7N9: Poultry-associated, Oseltamivir, zanamivir, and possibly baloxavir, Acute febrile respiratory disease (children), Acute respiratory disease (adults and children), Vaccine containing types 4 and 7 for epidemics in military populations, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (eg, due to Sin Nombre hantavirus, Black Creek Canal virus, Bayou virus, or New York virus), Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (eg, Hantaan, Seoul, and Dobrava viruses), IV ribavirin for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus, Ribavirin sometimes used in immunocompromised patients, Palivizumab IM† monthly (only for certain infants at high risk of respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] infection). A viral disease is any illness or health condition caused by a virus. Cutaneous viral diseases cause lesions or papules to form on the skin. Baylisascaris infection BK virus: BK virus infection Piedraia hortae: Black piedra: Blastocystis species Blastocystosis: Blastomyces dermatitidis: Blastomycosis: Machupo virus: Bolivian hemorrhagic fever: Clostridium botulinum; Note: Botulism is not an infection by Clostridium botulinum but caused by the intake of botulinum â¦ Examples of exanthematous viral diseases include: Many exanthematous viruses are spread through respiratory droplets from the cough or sneeze of someone with the virus. The most common viral infections are probably upper respiratory infections. Remote Work Locations. Respiratory viral diseases usually heal on their own. Common symptoms of a respiratory viral disease include: Examples of respiratory diseases include: Respiratory viruses are spread by droplets generated through coughing or sneezing. For example, human papillomavirus, the Epstein Barr virus, causes uncontrollable cell replication leading to cancer. Fungi. Polio or severe cases of meningitis or encephalitis may require additional treatment, such as breathing assistance or IV fluids. In many cases, these lesions can stick around for a long time or come back after disappearing for a while. Contaminated objects can also contribute to the spread of these viruses. Viruses can be transmitted in numeroâ¦ They invade living, normal cells and use those cells to multiply and produce other viruses like themselves. Cauliflower Mosaic Virus The cauliflower mosaic virus infects members of the brassica, or mustard, family, which includes cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, broccoli and rape seed.include: The cauliflower mosaic virus infects members of the brassica Hepatitis B (Hep B) CDC FAQ's More. Mucocutaneous infections are the most common type of herpes simplex virus infection. Other popular diseases in this category are MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and norovirus, a â¦ Fungi live outdoors in soil and on plants and trees as well as on many indoor surfaces and on human skin. * Nonspecific precautions (eg, avoidance of infected patients and insect and animal vectors, routine hygiene measures) are also recommended. There’s also a vaccine that can help to reduce your risk of getting the seasonal flu. Some viruses cause nonspecific symptoms, including fever, malaise, headaches, and myalgia. See full list on doctors-hospitals-medical-cape-town-south-africa.blaauwberg.net Food or water that’s been contaminated by feces can spread the virus to others. verify here. Viral infections occur due to infection with a virus. Infectious diseases are diseases caused by living organisms like viruses and bacteria. Respiratory viruses are typically spread from person to person by contact with infected respiratory droplets. * Nonspecific precautions (eg, routine hygiene measures, safe-sex practices) are also recommended. In some cases, antiviral medication may be prescribed. The conjunctiva is the clear tissue that covers the white of â¦ Viruses. Infectious diseases can be caused by: 1. About Viral Infection Viruses are capsules with genetic material inside. Chikungunya virus is spread through a mosquito bite and cannot be transmitted from person to person. Other viruses can affect the liver as part of their disease process. Viruses are like hijackers. Practicing good hygiene, avoiding close contact with those who have the virus, and protecting against insect bites can all help to reduce the spread of encephalitis and meningitis. Several different infections and other medical conditions can cause both a rash and cough together. The infection of cells then releases more viruses that can go on to infect new cells. Both a cough and a rash are reactions to an irritant or underlying medical condition. The EBV test is also known as “EBV antibodies.” It’s a blood test used to identify an EBV infection. There aren’t any treatments for gastrointestinal viral diseases. A virus is composed of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat. They’re made up of a piece of genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, that’s enclosed in a coat of protein. For example, enteroviruses and herpes viruses can cause meningitis and encephalitis. Unlike bacterial infections, viral diseases don’t respond to antibiotics. Common plant viruses include mosaic viruses, spotted wilt viruses, and leaf curl viruses. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America. Human papillomavirus causes warts; some subtypes cause cervical cancer, other anogenital cancers, and oropharyngeal cancer. You can reduce your risk of a chikungunya virus infection by protecting yourself from mosquito bites. In some cases, the antiviral drug ribavirin may be given. Herpes simplex, type 1, Herpes simplex, type 2, Varicella-zoster virus, EpsteinâBarr virus, Human cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus, type 8 Y [3] [4] Papillomaviridae The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most common viruses to infect people around the world. 2. Some viruses do not cause any disease in humans and remain as carrier but â¦ Respiratory viral diseases are contagious and commonly affect the upper or lower parts of your respiratory tract. Learn more about our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge. Sharing items that come in to contact with blood, such as needles or razors, can also spread the virus. Some viruses cause only skin lesions (as in molluscum contagiosum and warts); others also cause systemic manifestations or lesions elsewhere in the body. Viral diseases are mainly caused when a virus enters the human body and uses the host machinery to reproduce. How to Make a Cloth Face Mask with a Filter, Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI, 8 Viruses That Can Increase Your Cancer Risk. Mumps is another very contagious viral disease. There are vaccines for both hepatitis A and hepatitis B. There’s also a vaccine for hepatitis E, but it’s not available in the U.S. Other ways to prevent viral hepatitis include not sharing needles or razors, practicing safe sex, and avoiding food or drinks that may be contaminated by feces. The best way to avoid respiratory viral diseases is to practice good personal hygiene. It will then multiply and produce more virus particles. Gastrointestinal viral diseases affect your digestive tract. Most fungi are not dangerous, but some types can be harmful to health. These include influenza, staph infections, and the Ebola and Zika viruses. (See also Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections.). Plant viruses are particles of RNA or DNA that infect plants and cause disease. Bacterial and viral infections are often transmitted in similar ways, but symptoms and treatment methods may vary depending on the cause of your infection. The hepatic viral diseases cause inflammation of the liver, known as viral hepatitis. Use proper protection, such as gloves, glasses, or a face shield, when working around people who have a virus. How Is a Pandemic Different from an Epidemic? They are considered the most abundant biological entity on the planet. Shingles only occurs in people who’ve had chickenpox at some point. These viruses can also be spread through contaminated objects, such as doorknobs, tabletops, and personal items. The World Health Organization has specific criteria for when an epidemic becomes a pandemic. Here’s when to have the test and what the results mean. Others, however, are more serious. Researchers are in the process of developing vaccines for several hemorrhagic viruses. Hand washing and good sanitation measures can help prevent spread. Enteroviruses, which include coxsackieviruses and echoviruses, can cause various multisystem syndromes, as can cytomegaloviruses (see Table: Some Viruses That Cause Multisystem Disease). Transmission may involve mosquitoes, ticks, or contact with infected animals (eg, rodents, monkeys, bats) and people. Millions of â¦ Last medically reviewed on August 21, 2018. Dengue. Hepatitis A (Hep A) CDC FAQ's More Data. Other viruses can affect the liver as part of their disease process. HSV-1 infection in an estimated two thirds of the global population < 50 years, Gingivostomatitis: Frequent in infants and children, Acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir, penciclovir, Neonatal infection: Treatment of maternal infection; suppressive therapy beginning at 36 weeks of gestation if patients have a history of recurrent HSV; cesarean delivery if lesions or prodromal symptoms are present at time of delivery, Cervical cancer, anogenital cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer, Cryotherapy, interferon (possibly for genital), podophyllin (genital), imiquimod, Vaccines for up to 9 subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) most commonly associated with cancers and genital warts. Measles, rubella, chickenpox, shingles, and smallpox can all be prevented through vaccination. Symptoms of Viral Diseases Respiratory viruses include the epidemic influenza viruses (A and B), H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza A viruses, parainfluenza viruses 1 through 4, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus A and B and human metapneumovirus, and rhinoviruses (see Table: Some Respiratory Viruses). Granuloma inguinale CDC. But over-the-counter (OTC) medications, including nasal decongestants, cough suppressants, and pain relievers, can help to reduce symptoms. * Nonspecific precautions (eg, avoidance of the means of transmission, routine hygiene measures) are also recommended. Wash your hands often, cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze, and limit your interactions with people who show symptoms of a respiratory condition. Common examples of contagious viral diseases include the flu, the common cold, HIV, and herpes. Last full review/revision Mar 2020| Content last modified Mar 2020, © 2020 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA), © 2021 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA, Some Viruses That Cause Hemorrhagic Fever, Some Viruses That Cause Recurrent or Chronic Skin or Mucosal Lesions, Some Viruses That Cause Multisystem Disease, Some Viruses That Cause Nonspecific Acute Febrile Illness, Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus A and B and human metapneumovirus, Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections. Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. There have been no cases of SARS reported since 2004. Supportive care to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance is essential. † Echovirus types 10, 21, 22, and 28 have been reclassified; these numbers are no longer used. Dengue disease is named after the virus that causes it (dengue). Bacterial Infection. Examples of cutaneous viral diseases include: These viruses are contagious. Symptoms of a hemorrhagic viral disease include: Examples of viral hemorrhagic diseases include: Some hemorrhagic viral diseases, such as dengue fever and yellow fever, are spread through the bite of an infected insect. Avoid being bitten by insects, especially mosquitos and ticks, by wearing protective clothing or using insect repellent. Several viruses can infect the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord. Virologists are those scientists who study virology. Respiratory infections are more likely to cause severe symptoms in infants, the elderly, and patients with a lung or heart disorder. Of course, host cells have several defenses against the viral attacks. Pandemic and epidemic both refer to disease outbreaks. 3. You can prevent gastrointestinal viral diseases by washing your hands often, especially after using the bathroom. † Unlike RSV-IVIG (respiratory syncytial virus-IV immune globulin), palivizumab does not interfere with immunizations (eg, measles, mumps, and rubella [MMR], chickenpox). Getting plenty of rest, staying hydrated, and taking OTC anti-inflammatories to ease pain or headaches can all help. Vaccinesmay be prepared using live viruses, killed virusâ¦ Viruses cause familiar infectious diseases such as the common cold, flu and warts. Few viruses alter cell structure rather than destroy the cells. Treatment of hepatitis A and E involves supportive measures, such as getting plenty of rest, drinking fluids, and avoiding alcohol. You can also get the virus from sharing utensils or personal objects with someone who has a virus. Plant viruses are typically spread by either horizontal or â¦ They’re usually spread through close physical contact with someone who has the virus or touching a contaminated object, such as a towel or faucet handle. Many of them cause additional symptoms as well. Common examples are cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and yellow fever virus. Prevention involves avoiding the means of transmission. The Merck Manual was first published in 1899 as a service to the community. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis. Local epidemics may occur in children, particularly during colder months. WHO main areas of work include: health systems, promoting health through the life-course, noncommunicable diseases, communicable diseases, corporate services, preparedness, surveillance and response. Rift Valley fever rarely progresses to ocular disorders, meningoencephalitis, or a hemorrhagic form (which has a 50% mortality rate). For such infections, prevention includes avoiding mosquito and tick bites. The most common types of viral hepatitis are hepatitis A, B, and C. It is worth noting that diseases caused by other viruses, such as cytomegalovirus and the yellow fever virus, can also affect the liver. Investigational vaccine used in laboratory workers at risk, Southeast Asia, Japan, Korea, China, India, Philippines, eastern former Soviet Union, Africa, Middle East, southern France, former Soviet Union, India, Indonesia, US, Canada, South America (Argentina, Brazil), Screening blood and blood products for the virus, Eastern and Central Europe, Balkans, former Soviet Union, Outbreaks that coincide with periods of tick activity, California encephalitis and related types (eg, La Crosse encephalitis), Symptomatic infection primarily in children, Primarily in adults during autumn and winter. A pandemic is an epidemic that reaches worldwide. Interferon, other antivirals, including nucleoside analogs (eg, entecavir) and nucleotide analogs (eg, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate), Screening for hepatitis B surface antigen, Vaccine, hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG), Interferon, ribavirin, direct-acting antivirals (eg, protease inhibitors, nucleotide analog inhibitors, nonstructural protein 5A [NS5A] inhibitors), Parenteral drug users at relatively high risk, Can infect only in the presence of hepatitis B, Genotype 3: Europe; transmitted by eating undercooked pork products. The viruses that cause them are contagious and usually lead to a condition called gastroenteritis, also called the stomach flu. EMPLOYER acknowledges that employeesâ access to and use of public services or transportation might be prohibited or curtailed by local, state, or federal authorities during an infectious disease outbreak. Causes of Viral Diseases. Fungal diseases are often caused by fungi that are common in the environment. More recently described enteroviruses have been designated as types 68 to 72. Viruses are made up of the genetic material known as DNA or RNA, which the virus uses to replicate. There are many viral diseases. Other types of fungi caâ¦ Viral infections. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases ranging from the common cold to AIDS. If someone with a viral illness coughs or sneezes nearby and you inhale these droplets, you may develop the disease. Other types of viral diseases spread through other means, such as the bite of an infected insect. In the meantime, drink plenty of fluids to replace those lost from diarrhea or vomiting. If the bodyâs immune system fails to fight against viruses, it multiplies and spreads to other cells causing infections.. A viral infection can lead to a spectrum of symptoms from asymptomatic (no overt symptoms) to severe disease. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site. Approximately 70% of all cervical cancers are caused by which of the following types of human papilloma virus (HPV)? The test detects the presence of antibodies. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Viruses are for sure simple microorganisms in regards of cellular complexity , yet , when it infects a complex organism such as human beings , it can cause severe complications and in some cases death. Increased during warm months in temperate climates and year round in the tropics and in children, Person-to-person spread usually via the fecal-oral route, Echoviruses† and high-numbered enteroviruses, Congenital defects (cytomegalic inclusion disease), Hepatitis (cytomegalovirus mononucleosis), In immunocompromised patients (including those with AIDS): Retinitis, gastrointestinal disorders, central nervous system disorders, pneumonia, Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir, sometimes immune globulin (eg, in organ transplant recipients with pneumonia). In 2019, another coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) that can cause an acute, sometimes fatal respiratory illness (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China and is currently spreading worldwide. There’s a vaccine for both poliovirus and the mumps virus, which can cause meningitis and encephalitis. Practicing good hygiene habits, avoiding the sharing of personal items, and avoiding close contact with people who have active lesions can reduce your risk of developing a cutaneous viral disease. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: In addition, Tamiflu, an antiviral drug, is sometimes prescribed if someone is in the very early stages of developing the flu. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. Some viruses cause skin or mucosal lesions that recur and may become chronic. No specific treatment is recommended, but supportive care, particularly rehydration, is important. Treatments for hepatitis B, C, and D focus on managing symptoms. Additional examples of communicable diseases include Ebola, cholera and smallpox. Categorizing viral infections by the organ system most commonly affected (eg, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, skin, liver, central nervous system, mucous membranes) can be clinically useful, although certain viral disorders (eg, mumps) are hard to categorize. A rotavirus vaccine that is effective against most pathogenic strains is part of the recommended infant vaccination schedule. Transmission is typically from person to person; alphaviruses have a mosquito vector. © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Epidemic refers to disease across a region, and pandemic refers to disease in many countries. It’s a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that’s been lying dormant in your cells. Fever-reducing medications, such as acetaminophen, can help with some of the more bothersome symptoms. We'll go over the basics of Epstein-Barr virus infections and explore the link between the virus and certain health conditions, including cancer and autoimmune conditions. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) CDC. Antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir, may be given for chickenpox or shingles. While we do have limited numbers of effective antiviral drugs, such as those used to treat HIV and influenza, the primary method of controlling viral disease is by vaccination, which is intended to prevent outbreaks by building immunity to a virus or virus family (Figure 2). Viruses invade cells in your body and use components of those cells to help them multiply. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. We’ll go…. (See also Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections.). Discover causes of cough and rash, including measles, syphilis, scarlet fever, and more. Wiping down contaminated surfaces and not sharing personal items or eating utensils can also help. Many of these viruses are transmitted to humans by blood-eating arthropods, mainly mosquitoes and ticks; these viruses are called arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses). Gastroenteritis is usually caused by viruses and transmitted from person-to person by the oral-fecal route. They also cause severe illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and COVID-19. Examples of hepatic viral diseases include: Hepatitis B and C can be transmitted from person to person through bodily fluids. "It is still the â¦ Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. A virus is a tiny organism that causes an infection in the body. It’s usually a sign that your body is hard at work fighting off germs. A viral fever is an uncomfortable symptom of many viral illnesses. What’s the Difference Between Bacterial and Viral Infections? Encephalitis is an inflammation of â¦ A runny nose? In some cases, a doctor might prescribe medication, such as antiviral drugs. Tiny bubble-like sacs called vesicles that travel between cells in the body can trigger and worsen secondary bacterial infections in people with viral lung infections like colds, flu or even Covid-19. Hemorrhagic viral diseases are severe conditions that involve damage to your circulatory system. Papules that form due to warts or molluscum contagiosum often go away on their own. They can also be removed by simple in-office procedures, such as cryotherapy. If you live or work in an area where viral hemorrhagic diseases are common, you can do the following to reduce your risk: Some viruses can infect the brain and surrounding tissues, causing neurologic viral diseases. Less common examples are echovirus, coxsackievirus, and herpes simplex, rubeola, rubella, and varicella viruses. Read on to learn more about some of the main types of viral diseases: Not all viral diseases are contagious. * Nonspecific precautions (eg, avoidance of body fluids of infected patients, aseptic precautions, routine hygiene measures) are also recommended. Haemophilus Influenza disease, Type B (Hib or H-flu) CDC Data. Hepatitis D virus can infect only when hepatitis B is present. Age group primarily affected depends on the virus: Astrovirus: Usually infants and young children. They can alâ¦ Common Cold. But many of them are. WHOâs primary role is to direct and coordinate international health within the United Nationsâ system. Less common examples are echovirus, coxsackievirus, and herpes simplex, rubeola, rubella, and varicella viruses. Some people may need intravenous (IV) fluids to maintain electrolyte balance. Cholera: Pathogen â Vibrio cholerae. Protect against rodent infestation by keeping food covered, removing garbage often, and making sure windows and doors are secured properly. In many cases, they resolve on their own within a day or two. Others, such as Ebola, are spread to other people through contact with the blood or other bodily fluid of someone with the virus. Certain viruses cause fever and a bleeding tendency. Hepatitis B can be spread through sexual contact. Most cases of encephalitis are caused by viruses (see Table: Some Neurologic Viruses). HIV. Many specific viruses and the disorders they cause are also discussed elsewhere in THE MANUAL. Central nervous system involvement (rare), Prevalence increasing due to decrease in vaccination, Birth defects due to infection during pregnancy, Rash (red rash on cheeks more common in children), malaise, arthritis (polyarthropathy more common in adults), Hydrops fetalis (infection during pregnancy), Anemia (transient aplastic crisis in immunocompromised hosts or patients with hemoglobinopathies), Before vaccine, almost universal in children, occasionally in adults, Common in adults, resulting from reactivation of latent virus, Smallpox vaccine up to 4 days after exposure, Chikungunya disease (acute febrile illness followed by more chronic polyarthritis), Africa, Southeast Asia, India, Europe, the Americas, Ross River virus disease (epidemic polyarthritis), Australia, Papua New Guinea, South Pacific. This process often damages or destroys infected cells. Most plant viruses are single-stranded RNA or double-stranded RNA viruses. There’s no cure for herpes, but antiviral medications, such as acyclovir, can help to shorten or prevent outbreaks. Here are simple methods you can use at home to make your own cloth face mask with a filter to help prevent the spread of COVID-19. Bacteria. Viral Conjunctivitis. You can spread it before symptoms appear and for up to 5 days after. This can result in a range of symptoms, including: Examples of neurologic viral diseases include: Many neurologic viruses are spread through the bite of an infected animal or bug, such as a mosquito or tick. Treating exanthematous viral diseases focuses on managing symptoms. Viruses cause familiar infectious diseases such as the common cold, flu and warts. If you touch one of these objects and then touch your nose or eyes, you could develop a disease. Ebola disease is a rare, often fatal illness. In order for a virus to survive, it must invade and attach itself to a living cell. 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